Ukuvikela ukuthelelwa kwegcikwane ngomama ebantwaneni kuyaphumelela enhlelweni zokuvikela iHIV. Sebebanengi omama abanatha amaphilisi okwelapha iHIV iART njalo abantwana ababanjwa ligcikwane leHIV sebebalutshwane..

Noma kunjalo, ukuhlolwa kwabantwana masinyane kusezingeni eliphansi. Ngomnyaka ka 2019, abantwana abayisilinganiso sokungamatshumi ayisithupha ekhulwini (60%) basebehloliwe igcikwane leHIV ngemva kwenyanga eziyisitshiyagalombili njalo abantwana abayisilinganiso sokungamatshumi amahlanu lantathu ekhulwini (53%) bebenatha amaphilisi okwelapha iHIV endaweni ezinengi. Lokhu yikho okunye okusokuqakathekiswa ngababona ngezokwelatshwa kweHIV. Nxa bengahlolwanga lokwelatshwa, abantwana abancane basengozini yokufa kumbe ukugula kakhulu. Ukuthuthukisa inhlelo zokuhlolwa kwegcikwane kuzakwenza ukuthi abantwana abanengi bephile impilo ende njalo bephephile.

Endaweni ezinengi, ukuthola impumela ngemva kokuba umntwana sehloliwe kuthatha isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubangelwa yikuthi amasampuli kumele ahanjiswe endaweni zokuhlola amalaboratories- ziyabe zikhatshana esikhathini esinengi- ukuze kutholwe impumela.

Ukuphuza lokhu kubangela ukuthi abantwana bephuze ukuqalisa ukwelatshwa, njalo kwesinye isikhathi kutsho ukuthi impumela kayithathwa abantwana sebehlala isimo sabo singazakali.

IWorld Health Organization ikhuthaza ukuthi impumela zokuhlolwa kwabantwana ziphiwe abazali amalanga angamatshumi amathathu engakadluli ngemva kokuhlolwa komntwana. Noma kunjalo isikhathi esivame ukulindwa singaba ngamalanga angamatshumi amahlanu lanhlanu okubangela ukuthi abantwana bengaqalisi ukwelatshwa ngesikhathi besengozini enkulu eyokufa..

Imitshina yokuhlolwa lapho okwethulelwa khona inhlelo zokwelatshwa emitsha iyenza ukuthi amasempuli okuhlolwa engahanjiswa ukuyahlolwa kumalaboratories akhatshana. Esikhudleni salokho, izisebenzi zempilakahle emakilinika ziyenelisa ukuhlola zona ngokwazo njalo zinikeze abazali impumela. Lokhu kutsho ukuthi impumela iphiwa abazali ngosuku olufanayo njalo abantwana bayaqala ukwelatshwa masinyane. Lokhu kwenqabela ukungatholakali kwempumela abantwana sebehlala isimo sabo singazakali. 

Indlela zokuhlola lezi sezaqalisa ukusetshenziswa kwele Zimbabwe, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, South Africa, lase Mozambique, impumela yalokhu iyancomeka. Kwenye indawo, inani labantwana abaqalisa iART langezelela ngesilinganiso sokungamatshumi amane lantathu ekhulwini(43.3%) lokuhlolwa kumalaboratories lakho kusiya kusilinganiso sokungamatshumi ayisitshiyagalolunye lambili ekhulwini (92.3%) ngemuva kokuqaliswa kokuhlolelwa endaweni okwethulelwa khona ezokwelatshwa.

Indlela yokuhlola leyi itshiphile, njalo eminye imitshina iyenelisa ukuhlola inani legcikwane loukhuhlane wofuba iTB.