Sezvo vanhu vakawanda vano kutanga mishonga yemaAntiretroviral (ART), kusashana kwemishonga hweutachiona hweHIV kuri kuramba kuchiwanda. Kuwanda kwekusashanda kwemishonga kunosiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda zvinosanganisira rudzi rwemushonga. Kusawirirana kuNNRTIs (yakadai seefavrienz nenevirapine) inowanzoitika pane kusawirirana nemishonga mitsva yakaita sedolutegravi.

Sangano reWorld Health Organization rinokurudzira kuti nyika dzinofanira kukurumidza kushandura marapiro adzo eraini rekutanga kurapa eutachiona hweHIV kuti aite rejimi ine dolutegravir kana chikamu gumi yevagari vemo vakatarisana kusawirirana  neNNRTIs.

Kusarapwa kwemishonga isati yatanga kurapwa kunowanzoonekwawo kuvacheche vanogona kunge vaine chikamu chakaderera chemishonga yemaAntiretroviral pakubata pamuviri uye pavanenge vachiyamwisa.

Hongu - kunyangwe zvazvo kusagadzikana kwemishonga kunowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vakatanga kurapwa uye vane dambudziko rekushandisa, zvinokwanisika kutapukirwa neutachiona hweHIV iyo yatove nesimba. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sekuti transmitted drug resistance uye zvinoitika apo munhu anotapurira utachiona hweHIV kwauri mushonga haushandi. Kuti utachiona hweHIV urege kutapuriranwa, unongoda kushandisa nzira dzekuzvidzivirira nadzo dzinosanganisira PrEP, makondomu uye kusaonekwa. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero chinoita kuti vanhu vaviri vane utachiona hweHIV varairwe varambe vachishandisa makondomu, kuitira kuti vadzivise kutapurirana marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekusaramba mushonga kune mumwe nemumwe.

Cross-resistance (cross-resistance) apo kusawirirna nemushonga mumwe chete kunoreva kuti hauchakwanisa kushandisa mimwe mishonga yemaAntiretroviral yakafanana. Semuyenzaniso, kana ukasawirirana nefavirenz inogona kubvisa mimwe mishonga yakada kufanana nekuti haichakwanisi kudzora utachiona hweHIV yako.

Imwe nzira yekuwana mushonga yehutachiona hweHIV inoshanda kana wakambotora ART kumashure asi wobva wamira, semuenzaniso kana wakatora ART panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa paPMTCT asi ukasaenderera mberi, kana kuti wakatora PrEP kana PEP une hutachiona.

Nekuda kwekuti kusawirirana nemishonga yeutachiona hweHIV kwakabatana nekutevedzera kune dambudziko guru munzvimbo umo mune vanhu vanotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvekuwana kurapwa nekuchengetedzwa. Zvinokonzera njodzi zvinowanzopatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: zvikonzero zvevarwere, zvirongwa zvehurongwa uye mamiriro ehurongwa hwekurapwa. Totsanangura mimwe yemienzaniso mikuru yeumwe neumwe pazasi.

Zvikonzero zvevarwere: Kusawirirana nemishonga yeutachiona hweHIV kunova nedambudziko rakawanda munzvimbo umo munevanhu vasingakwanise kuwana rubatsiro rwavanoda kuti vatevedze kurapwa kwavo. Vanhu havanyanyi kutevedzera kurapwa kana vasinganzwisisi nezveutachiona hweHIV kana zvakanakira kurapwa. Uko vanhu vane kamwe matambudziko zveutano zvakadai  sekuora mwoyo kana kushandisa zvinodhaka zvisirizvo, zvinogona kuita kuti kutevedzera kuwedzere kuoma uye kuwedzera njodzi yavo yekutadza kuramba zvinodhaka.
Zvirongwa zvechirongwa: Muenzaniso wakanaka wechinhu chechirongwa kushaikwa kwezvinodhaka. Kushaikwa kwemishonga kunowanzokonzerwa nekusaronga zvakanaka, kutenga uye kutungamirirwa kwekutengeswa kwemishonga (aya ndiwo matanho anodiwa kuti makiriniki atenge mushonga chaiwo weantiretroviral). Kana makiriniki akatadza kuwana mishonga yese yavanoda, vanhu vanotadza kupihwa mishonga yavo, izvo zvinoita kuti vange vachinyanya kusaziva mishonga yavo. Saizvozvowo, uko zvirongwa zvisingapi kuongororwa kwehutachiona, kusawirirana nemishonga yehutachiona hweHIV kune njodzi huru sezvo zvichinetsa kuti vanachiremba vazive kana kurapwa kwatadza uye murwere anoda kune imwe nzira itsva yekurapwa.

Mabatirwo anoitwa mushonga: Kana hurongwa hwemumwe munhu hwakanyanya kuoma - semuenzaniso ari kunwa mapiritsi akawanda panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva - ari panjodzi huru yekusawirirna nemishonga. Izvi zvinongodaro nekuti zvakaoma kutevera izvo zvavanofanira kutora. Mimwe mishonga inogona kuva ine simba huru rekusawirana nemishonga. Semuyenzaniso, nekuda kwemashandiro anoita dolutegravir, utachiona hweHIV haanyanyi kushingirira pairi zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo iri nani kunyanya kune vanhu vanoomerwa nekutevedzera.